NEW DIRECTION ON EDUCATION RESEARCH

Now day many trends on education research had done by researcher like mobile learning, augmented learning and combination of augmented reality based on mobile learning system to improve student learning.

I would like to give some opinion what i think can be trend on education research. I think, Brain Based Learning by Using Technology is also can be trending in education research. Researcher can explores how the brain learns and the specific, practical applications of that knowledge by using technology. The online video clips for example is the one of tool can used to ensure that students have a visual image of a concept.
WHY??

As we know, student have difference learning. Actually in class, from 30 student, maybe there are have many way should educator used to make sure student understand what they learn. So, brain based learning will help educator to identify what way of learning should be in class. This is to help student to get a good learning. Then why we use technology as a tool? Because as we know, nowdays technology s widely used and easily to student learn.


Brain Based Learning research refers to teaching methods, lesson designs, and school programs that are based on the latest scientific research about how the brain learns, including such factors as cognitive development, how students learn differently as they age, grow, and mature socially, emotionally, and cognitively.


So my opinion, this kind of research can be highlighted by researcher to improve learning among student by combination brain based learning with technology.

EVALUATION, TESTING AND ASSESMENT

Assalamulaikum.. and hi everyone..

for this entry i would like to do some revision what already we learn in class yesterday...

So...

What is evaluation???
What is testing???
What is assessment???

is it same???

Actually same but not same. what i mean??

ok... first we look at the definition evaluation, testing and assessment.

• Evaluation is the process of making judgments based on criteria and evidence.

• Testing is used to examine someone's knowledge of something to determine what he or she knows or has learned. Testing measures the level of skill or knowledge that has been reached.

• Assessment is the process of documenting knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs, usually in measurable terms. The goal of assessment is to make improvements, as opposed to simply being judged. In an educational context, assessment is the process of describing, collecting, recording, scoring, and interpreting information about learning.

TYPE OF EVALUATION, TESTING AND ASSESSMENT

 EVALUATION - FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE

Formative evaluation are typically assessed during their development or early implementation to provide information about how best to revise and modify for improvement. This type of evaluation often is helpful for pilot projects and new programs, but can be used for progress monitoring of ongoing programs.

Summative evaluation are assessed at the end of an operating cycle, and findings typically are used to help decide whether a program should be adopted, continued, or modified for improvement.


TESTING - DIAGNOSTIC, PLACEMENT and PROGRESS or ACHIEVEMNET

Diagnostic  are used to diagnose how much you know and what you know. They can help a teacher know what needs to be reviewed or reinforced in class. They also enable the student to identify areas of weakness.

Placement are used to place students in the appropriate class or level. For example, in language schools, placement tests are used to check a student’s language level through grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, writing, and speaking questions. After establishing the student’s level, the student is placed in the appropriate class to suit his/her needs.

Progress or Achievement are to measure the students’ improvement in relation to their syllabuses.

FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Formative Assessment is part of the instructional process. When incorporated into classroom practice, it provides the information needed to adjust teaching and learning while they are happening. In this sense, formative assessment informs both teachers and students about student understanding at a point when timely adjustments can be made. These adjustments help to ensure students achieve, targeted standards-based learning goals within a set time frame.

Summative Assessments are given periodically to determine at a particular point in time what students know and do not know. Many associate summative assessments only with standardized tests such as state assessments, but they are also used at and are an important part of district and classroom programs. Summative assessment at the district/classroom level is an accountability measure that is generally used as part of the grading process. The list is long, but here are some examples of summative assessments:

• State assessments
• District benchmark or interim assessments
• End-of-unit or chapter tests
• End-of-term or semester exams

To more understand we can read here:

 http://drjj.uitm.edu.my/DRJJ/OBE%20FSG%20Dec07/OBEJan2010/DrJJ-Measure-assess-evaluate-ADPRIMA-n-more-17052012.pdf

TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR INNOVATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Assalamualaikum...

In this entry we will discuss about web 2.0 that we already learn in class by week 5.

What is web 2.0????

let we watch the video to get some information. 

Web 2.0 is the current state of online technology as it compares to the early days of the Web, characterized by greater user interactivity and collaboration, more pervasive network connectivity and enhanced communication channels. 


Elements of Web 2.0

• Wikis: Websites that enable users to contribute, collaborate and edit site content.

• Mobile computing, also known as nomadicity, the trend toward users connecting from wherever they may be. That trend is enabled by the proliferation of smartphones, tablets and other mobile devices in conjunction with readily accessible Wi-Fi networks.

 

• Mash-ups: Web pages or applications that integrate complementary elements from two or more sources.

 

• Social networking: The practice of expanding the number of one's business and/or social contacts by making connections through individuals. Social networking sites include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Google.

 

• Collaborative efforts based on the ability to reach large numbers of participants and their collective resources, such as crowd sourcing, crowdfunding and crowd source testing.

 

• User-generated content (UGC): Writing, images, audio and video content -- among other possibilities -- made freely available online by the individuals who create it. 

 

• Unified communications (UC): The integration of multiple forms of call and multimedia/cross-media message-management functions controlled by an individual user for both business and social purposes.

 

• Social curation: The collaborative sharing of content organized around one or more particular themes or topics. Social content curation sites include Reddit, Digg, Pinterest and Instagram.

And.. at the end oh this class we need to do some assignment that related with web 2.0 that is we need to select social media tool and need to do some presentation. so next we look next entry... 

thanks...........

PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES IN INNOVATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Assalamualaikum... ok this entry we will discus about pedagogical approaches in innovative learning environment.

first of all there are 3 theories that related with pedagogical and it quiet famous in educational world that is:

1. behaviorism - founded Ivav Pavlov, Watson, Thondike and Skinner
2. cognitivism - founded Ausubel, Piaget, Bruner and Kohler
3. constructivism - founded John Dewey

Behaviorism

ÒIdea that behavior is acquired through conditioning.

ÒMeasures behavior by a learners’ response to stimuli

ÒLearners’ response to stimuli can be reinforced using positive or negative feedback

ÒReinforcement, positive or negative increases the possibility of an event happening again.

ÒPunishment, both positive and negative, decreases the possibility of an event happening again.

>How Do Learners Learn

ÒStudents learn through experiences  and practices. 

ÒLearning is also modified with positive and negative reinforcement.

ÒStudents begin to give predicted responses to a stimulus 

Pros: 

–Can be applicable/helpful for therapy of children with behavioral disorders

Cons:

–Does not account for other ways of learning that do no involve positive/negative reinforcement

–People can change their behavior when presented with new information, even if they have previously established a different behavior through reinforcement

Cognitivism 

•          Learning occurs when we try to find meaning in a discussion.

•         Human beings have a cognitive structure and when someone learns they will compile all the information in memory.

•        According to Jean Piaget, our thinking process change completely started after birth until we reach maturity.

•        Each individual will always try to understand and adapt to the changes that occur in their environment.

•          Consider learning as an active process.

•         Teachers should encourage thinking among students insight to solve learning problem.

•         Guide students to use their perceptions to find how elements in the environment

•         Delivering a lesson step by step follows a sequence.   

•         Guide students to solve problems with questioning techniques. 

•         Teachers also need to teach new experience based on level of ability and experience. 

•         Provides complete educational materials to students and they can use to solve problems.

Factors affecting an individual's thinking process
 

•          Social experience 

         ~Cognitive development is also affected by the   

         interaction of the individual with those  of the 

         environment: parents, siblings,friends, teachers.

•          Individual interaction with the environment

          ~Individuals will interact with the environment to  

         understand the things that happen.

        ~They will explore, experiment, observe and compile  

         information.

•          Biological maturity 

          ~The thinking process is influenced by genetic factors.

•         Equilibrium

         ~The process of equilibrium is one of the means used by       individuals to adapt to new situations experienced

Constructivism

“The idea that students actively construct their knowledge from their personal experiences with others and the environment.” (Simpson, 2001)

“They are constructing their own knowledge by testing ideas and approaches based on their prior knowledge and experience, applying these to a new situation and integrating the new knowledge gained with pre-existing intellectual constructs.” (Brine, M., 1999)

 

Individual Constructivism

KNOWN AS cognitive constructivism or psychological constructivism.

DEFINITION: A type of constructivism that focuses how individuals construct knowledge in their minds.

TEACHER’S ROLE consist of providing instructional materials and supporting learning environment

Social Constructivism

 Emphasizes the role of social context in knowledge construction. 

DEFINITION: Learner share individual perspectives with others to construct understandings together              that would not be possible to construct individual.

TEACHER’S ROLE is to facilitate social interaction in order to promote students’ knowledge 

                     construction and skill development.

Social Constructivism in Classroom

•          Cooperative learning 

~A method which is a small group work together to make sense of new information or solve a new problem

•          Problem- Based learning

 ~A method in which students work in collaborative groups to solve a complex, ill-defined problem.

•          Tutoring and reciprocal teaching

 ~A method which students who mastered a topic help others who have no yet mastered it.

•          Classroom discussion

~ The teacher INNIATES a discussion by asking a question, one or more students RESPOND to the question, and the teacher EVALUATES students’ answer.”

•          Informal learning experiences

 ~Life log process that can take a variety of forms.

•          Community of learner

 ~Important to be sensitive to personal and developmental diversity in social learning situation.

            ~Some student will be shy / introverted, fell uncomfortable working in group.

MAIN FEATURES AND CRITERIA OF INNOVATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

assalamualaikum..

For this topic, we do some discussion and divided in several group. each student need to understand 7 principle or criteria of innovative learning environment by doing discussion and share in small group.
seven principle that we discuss are :

1. learner at the center
2. the social nature learning
3. emotional are integral to learning
4. recognizing individual differences
5. stretching all students
6. assessment for learning
7. building horizontal connections

 Learners at the center  

•  activities focused on their cognition and growth. 
• Student have to actively engage in learning in order to become self-regulated learners.
• Able to control their motivation and emotions during the study process.
• Student can set goals, and monitor their own learning process.
• Can communication, interaction and collaboration.
• Able to share their idea.

The social nature learning

• Learn through social interaction.
• Can create, combine and share an idea with other.
• Learn by pushing and pulling on concepts with one another.
• Coopeartive group work.
• Need each other to study.
• Expend student ability.

Emotions are an integral to learning 

• Students understand ideas better when there’s interplay between emotions, motivation and cognition.
• Positive beliefs about oneself are a core part of reaching a more profound understanding. 
• The power of emotions and motivation in the classroom are well documented, but often overlooked because they are “soft.” 
• Still most teachers know that if a student is upset about something that happened at home or in school, he won’t learn well. 
• If students understand why it matters, learning becomes more important to them.

Recognizing individual differences 

• Innovative learning environments reflect the various experiences and prior knowledge that each student brings to class.
• This principle is understood by every frustrated educator teaching to a “middle” that doesn’t exist.
• Prior knowledge- on which student vary sub stability is highly  influential for how well each individual learns.

Stretching all students

• Educators should try to prevent both coasting and overloading. 
• Students need to experience both academic success and the challenge of discovery. 
• In a diverse classroom group work can help achieve this as students at different levels help one another.

Assessment for learning  

• Assessments are important, but only to gauge how to structure the next lesson for maximum effectiveness. 
• It should be meaningful, substantial, and shape the learning environment itself.
• day-to-day activities, such as learning conversations
• a simple mental note taken by the teacher during observation
• student self and peer assessments
• a detailed analysis of a student’s work
• Uses information to lead from what has been learned to what needs to be learned next.
• Provides students with information and guidance so they can plan and manage the next steps in their learning.
  
  

Building Horizontal connection 

• Learning needs to be connected across disciplines and reach out into the real world.
• Learning can’t be meaningful if students don’t understand why the knowledge will be useful to them, how it can be applied in life. 
• Understanding the connections between subjects and ideas is essential for the ability to transfer skills and adapt.

TYPES OF ONLINE LEARNING

Assalamualaikum.. i come for week to and this is for my reflection in this class (Innovative Learning Environment).


In previous entry, i already share about Innovative Learning Environment(ILE). So in this week, Dr. discuss in this class about Online Learning Environment. Before we go through about OLE, i would like to make some overall what we learn OLE.

First of all, first part Dr discuss about what is OLE?? Then, another part is about type of OLE. Below i list type of OLE that we discuss in this week.

1. E-Learning Environment
2. Virtual Learning Environment
3. Formal Learning Environment
4. Informal Learning Environment
5. Personal Learning Environment
6. Social Learning Environment

What is online learning???

Online learning is a method of delivering information about education. It includes learning with the assistance of the Internet and a personal computer. The term e-learning, or electronic learning, often is used interchangeably with online learning.Customarily, online learning falls under the broader category of distance education.


What is online learning environment or OLE???

Let's compare how you would normally participate in a classroom setting and how you might accomplish the same activities in an online learning environment –this will help you decide if online learning is for you.

http://www.bcit.ca/files/distance/pdf/bcitonlinelearning.pdf

E-learning environment

>> example of E-learning environment is e-learning that student use in UTM.

>> other example of E-learning environment like myCourser..

Virtual Learning Environment

is a system for delivering learning materials to students via the web. These systems include assessment, student tracking, collaboration and communication tools.

 

>>http://tecfa.unige.ch/tecfa/publicat/dil-papers-2/Dil.7.5.18.pdf<<

Formal  Vs Informal  

Learning Environment

Formal learning environment          VS        Informal learning environment

-Classrooms                                                      - Home

-Computer Labs                                               - Science center

-Libraries                                                           - Museums

-Online classes                                                 - Libraries

                                                                                        - Field trips
                                                                                         - Social media 

 

Personal Learning environment

PLE are systems that help learners take control of and manage their own learning.

PLE  includes support for learners to accomplish three things:

• Set their own learning goals.
• Manage their learning, both content, and process.
• Communicate with others in the process of learning.

Social Learning Environment

A social learning environment is an online destination where people can come together to co-create content, share knowledge, and learn from one another. It combines social elements like networking, tagging, file sharing, and micro blogging to create a safe space in which to work and learn collaboratively.  

BASIC CONCEPT OF INNOVATION LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Assalamualaikum... and we meet again..

In this entry i just want do some reflection for basic concept of innovation learning environment.


For the first class what already we discuss is about meaning of innovative. Various point/meaning which is my classmate given. But as a conclusion what i get it, innovative is a new idea and is a renewal of an old one in order to facilitate dealings or practices carried out by the public / consumers.

But in education, innovative is a new idea that is introduced to improve the teaching and learning process  in this century so as not to fall behind in education.


Senang cerita, inovasi merupakan perubahan atau pembaharuan atau sesuatu yang baru untuk meningkatkan sesuatu produk. 


Besides, Dr also discuss about learning environment. What we understand about learning environment??

Actually in first impression what i understand about learning environment is learning about positive school means learn in conducive, comfortable, flexible and new environment. 


Then, what i understand in this class, learning environment is about variety of activity in class, student and teacher have their own activity and to be the complete physical, social and pedagogical context in which learning is intended to occur.

Because this is class for technology, so innovative learning environment must be related in technology right? So in this class also, Dr. Jamal introducing briefly about technology for innovative learning environment such as web base learning, mobile learning, multimedia apps and etc. 

So in conclusion in first class which i can do is, innovative learning environment what we will learn is about new idea or renewal an idea about technology or inject some idea in technology and used in teaching and learning. 


Senang cerita lagi, melakukan sesuatu perubahan berkaitan dengan teknologi atau meletakakan sedikit idea yang boleh digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.